We have always heard about the importance of maintaining a healthy
lifestyle. It ranges from good physical to social and emotional
well-being. To lead a happy life, we must understand the different
aspects of a healthy lifestyle. It is not just defined as remaining
disease-free but has a greater meaning! In the rush to eat green
vegetables and lift enormous weights at the gym, we must remember
the importance of oral hygiene.
Oral hygiene refers to maintaining the health of our teeth, gums,
lips, and, overall, our mouth. Diseases like periodontal gum disease
and tooth cavities are gaining prevalence due to the usual neglect
and carelessness towards oral health. In this blog article, we will
focus on cavities.
Why do cavities develop?
Cavities are holes in our teeth that develop as a result of tooth
decay. The process of cavity formation is as follows:
1. The sugary foods or leftover food particles in the mouth combine
with the saliva, where a bacterial culture thrives. This leads to
plaque formation, which is a sticky, colorless substance.
2. If not removed, the layer of plaque hardens into tartar or
calculus, which is harder to remove.
3. When the bacteria in plaque respire, acids are produced, which
erode the enamel layer of teeth. These tiny holes are the first
stage of the cavity.
4. Sensitivity occurs when bacteria reach dentin, the second layer
of a tooth.
5. Tooth decay worsens when bacteria reach the pulp, which has nerve
endings and blood vessels. Pulp swells, causing nerves to get
compressed. Eventually, the patient feels pain and discomfort, which
can spread out of the tooth root up to the bone.
Types of cavities
Smooth surface cavity
This occurs on the smooth side of the teeth. It grows slowly by
dissolving the tooth enamel. Following proper dental hygiene helps
to cure this condition.
Root cavity
It develops on the surface of tooth roots. Therefore, people with
receding gums are more likely to develop this condition. This is a
complex condition to treat or prevent.
Pit and fissure cavity
It develops on the top chewing surface of teeth, which has grooves.
It is a fast-growing condition and is prevalent among teenagers.
What causes cavities?
The best way to prevent cavities is to conduct healthy oral
practices and refrain from habits that may lead to further dental
decay. These unhealthy habits include:
Unhealthy sugar consumption
The bacteria in our mouth thrive on sugars, so consuming large
amounts of sugary foods such as candies, juices, sodas, and sweet
snacks can make our teeth more prone to tooth decay. It is better to
reduce sugar intake. Even if it is eaten, it is suggested that you
rinse your mouth afterward.
Smoking
Smoking encourages bacterial growth and plaque and tartar formation
in the mouth, which are some of the reasons for decay. Minimizing
the use of tobacco would prove very beneficial.
Alcohol consumption
Alcohol, such as red wine and beer, has acids that erode the enamel
of the teeth. It also reduces saliva production, which means the
bacteria on teeth cannot be washed off easily. Reducing alcohol
intake is the best solution.
Eating before sleeping
The plaque builds up on the leftover food particles in our mouth
overnight if we eat before bed. Therefore, it leads to cavities.
Eating a few hours before sleeping and brushing your teeth before it
is better.
Limited fluoride intake
Fluorides form a mineral layer on enamel, which guards it against
damage. It should be incorporated in toothpaste and even drinking
water for best results.
Improper brushing technique
People tend to brush their teeth aggressively, which causes enamel
to wear off and gums to recede, eventually causing sensitivity and
cavities. Instead of scrubbing your teeth, it is better to massage
your teeth with soft, gently bristled toothbrushes instead of
cleaning them.
Chewing ice
Though eating ice after a refreshing drink on a scalding hot day
seems to relieve it, it is likely to cause enamel erosion, which may
prove painful. Instead, drink already chilled beverages with a straw
to avoid this from happening.
Using teeth for opening packages
Using teeth to open up packets and bottle caps is a common practice.
However, it causes teeth to get chipped and wear out over time.
Using proper tools for this purpose is a wise choice.
Dry mouth
People with dry mouths are more likely to get cavities because the
saliva in our mouth counters the acid produced by bacteria. Without
it, the risk of tooth decay is greater. This may be because of
specific medication or simply due to dehydration. Drinking ample
water would prove helpful.
Although cavities do not spread like a virus from person to person
through the air, cavity-causing bacteria can be transmitted through
sharing of toothbrushes or kissing. Moreover, if one tooth gets
affected by cavities, the nearby teeth may also start to decay.
Therefore, it is essential to maintain good oral hygiene to stay
safe from these complications.
Sources
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/symptoms-causes/syc-20352892
https://www.monroemichigandentist.com/7-risk-factors-that-increase-your-chances-of-getting-cavities/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10946-cavities
https://utknoxvilledentists.com/bad-dental-habits-to-leave-behind/